In this chapter, the student will learn the development of resources and resource planning in India. Everything in our environment, which can be used to satisfy our needs and is technologically accessible, economically feasible and culturally acceptable is termed as ‘Resource’. Also, students will get to know about land resources and the classification of different types of soils found in India. In the end, the chapter discusses Soil Erosion and Soil Conservation. Resources which are surveyed and their quality and quantity have been determined for utilisation. The development of resources depends on technology and the level of their feasibility.