Forest: Extensive area covered with trees. Wildlife Sanctuary: A reserved area for preserving the natural beauty, e.g., wildlife. Biodiversity: It is the total of all the varieties of species of plants, animals and micro-organisms living on the earth. Wasteland: Land which is not fit for cultivation. The chapter starts with the introduction of flora and fauna in India. Chapter subsequently discusses the vital role that forests play in the ecological system and how we can conserve forest and wildlife in India. The chapter ends by explaining various steps taken by people to save our forest and wildlife resources.