Energy minerals are used to produce electricity, fuel for transportation, heating for homes and offices and in the manufacture of plastics. Industrial minerals include salt, clays, limestone, silica sand, phosphate rock, talc and mica. Energy minerals include coal, oil, natural gas and uranium. Minerals can be defined as a homogenous, naturally occurring substances with a definable internal structure. Minerals are found in varied forms in nature, ranging from the hardest diamond to the softest talc. This chapter explains student about the Minerals, Energy Resources, Conventional sources of energy, Non-Conventional Sources of energy, Nuclear or Atomic Energy, Wind power, Solar Energy, Biogas, Conservation of Energy Resources etc.