In India, the growth of modern nationalism is connected to the anti-colonial movement. Due to colonialism, many different groups shared bonds, which were formed by the Congress under Mahatma Gandhi. The war created a new economic and political situation in the years after 1919. In 1919, the First World War broke out in Europe, which had far-reaching consequences in the entire world. This war ignited the fight for India’s Independence. It ignited the spirit of nationalism in India due to the emergence of Satyagraha and Non-Cooperation movement. The chapter talks about how Congress sought to develop the national movement, how different social groups participated in the movement, and how nationalism captured the imagination of people. The rule of oppression under British suffocated the people, and there came the wave of revolts and struggles that Indian went through to free themselves from the clutches of colonisers. The students will also get to know about the following topics: The First World War, Khilafat and Non-Cooperation, Differing Strands within the Movement, Towards Civil Disobedience and The Sense of Collective Belonging.