Sexual reproduction in flowering plants involves the production of male and female gametes, the transfer of the male gametes to the female ovules in a process called pollination. After pollination occurs, fertilization happens, and the ovules grow into seeds within a fruit. Sexual reproduction in flowering plants explains the process of formation of male and female gametes in plants and how they are involved in the production of new plant varieties. The process of pollination, pre-fertilization events, fusion of male and female gametes, and the post-fertilization events and structure are elaborated here. The process of microsporogenesis can be defined as the formation of microspore from the PMC and occurs through meiosis. The pollen grains that denote the male gametophyte possess a hard outer layer wall known as the exine and the inner wall known as the inline. The pollen grains that have matured consist of the generative cells and a vegetative cell.
The chapter provides details about various parts of a flowering plant, right from the process of formation up till the reproduction finally. The transfer of pollen grains to the stigma of a pistil is termed as pollination.