Mathematics |
CONTENTS OF Mathematics |
---|---|
Unit 1: |
Sets, relations and functions Sets and their representation Union, intersection and complement of sets and their algebraic properties Power set Relation, Types of relations, equivalence relations, functions; One-one, into and onto functions, the composition of functions. |
Unit 2: |
Complex numbers and quadratic equations Complex numbers as ordered pairs of reals Representation of complex numbers in the form a+ib and their representation in a plane Argand diagram algebra of complex numbers modulus and argument (or amplitude) of a complex number square root of a complex number triangle inequality Quadratic equations in real and complex number system and their solutions. Relation between roots and co-efficients, nature of roots, formation of quadratic equations with given roots. |
Unit 3: |
Matrices and determinants Matrices algebra of matrices types of matrices determinants and Matrices of order two and three. Properties of determinants evaluation of determinants Area of triangles using determinants. Adjoint and evaluation of inverse of a square matrix using determinants and elementary transformations Test of consistency and solution of simultaneous linear equations in two or three variables using determinants and matrices. |
Unit 4: |
Permutations and combinations Fundamental principle of counting permutation as an arrangement and combination as selection Meaning of P (n,r) and C (n,r) Simple applications |
Unit 5: |
Mathematical induction Principle of Mathematical Induction and its simple applications |
Unit 6: |
Binomial theorem and its simple applications Principle of Mathematical Induction and its simple applications Binomial theorem for a positive integral index general term and middle term properties of Binomial coefficients simple applications |
Unit 7: |
Sequences and series Arithmetic and Geometric progressions insertion of arithmetic geometric means between two given numbers relation between A.M. and G.M. sum upto n terms of special series: S n, S n2, Sn3 Arithmetic - Geometric progression |
UNIT 8: |
Limit, continuity and differentiability Real - valued functions algebra of functions polynomials rational trigonometric logarithmic and exponential functions inverse functions Graphs of simple functions Limits, continuity and differentiability Differentiation of the sum, difference, product and quotient of two functions Differentiation of trigonometric inverse trigonometric logarithmic exponential composite and implicit functions derivatives of order upto two Rolle's and Lagrange's Mean Value Theorems Applications of derivatives: Rate of change of quantities, monotonic - increasing and decreasing functions Maxima and minima of functions of one variable tangents and normals |
Unit 9: |
Integral calculus Integral as an anti - derivative Fundamental integrals involving algebraic, trigonometric, exponential and logarithmic functions. Integration by substitution, by parts and by partial fractions. Integration using trigonometric identities. Evaluation of simple integrals of the type Integral as limit of a sum. Fundamental Theorem of Calculus. Properties of definite integrals. Evaluation of definite integrals, determining areas of the regions bounded by simple curves in standard form. |
Unit 10: |
Differential equations Ordinary differential equations, their order and degree. Formation of differential equations. Solution of differential equations by the method of separation of variables, solution of homogeneous and linear differential equations of the type: dy/dx+p(x)y=q(x) |
Unit 11: |
Co-ordinate geometry Straight lines: Various forms of equations of a line, intersection of lines, angles between two lines, conditions for concurrence of three lines, distance of a point from a line, equations of internal and external bisectors of angles between two lines, coordinates of centroid, orthocentre and circumcentre of a triangle, equation of family of lines passing through the point of intersection of two lines. Circles, conic sections: Standard form of equation of a circle, general form of the equation of a circle, its radius and centre, equation of a circle when the end points of a diameter are given, points of intersection of a line and a circle with the centre at the origin and condition for a line to be tangent to a circle, equation of the tangent. Sections of cones, equations of conic sections (parabola, ellipse and hyperbola) in standard forms, condition for y = mx + c to be a tangent and point (s) of tangency. Solution of differential equations by the method of separation of variables, solution of homogeneous and linear differential equations of the type: dy/dx+p(x)y=q(x) |
Unit 12: |
Three dimensional geometry Coordinates of a point in space, distance between two points, section formula, direction ratios and direction cosines, angle between two intersecting lines. Skew lines, the shortest distance between them and its equation. Equations of a line and a plane in different forms, intersection of a line and a plane, coplanar lines |
Unit 13: |
Vector algebra Vectors and scalars addition of vectors components of a vector in two dimensions and three dimensional space Scalar and vector products, scalar and vector triple product. |
Unit 14: |
Statistics and probability Measures of Dispersion: Calculation of mean, median, mode of grouped and ungrouped data calculation of standard deviation, variance and mean deviation for grouped and ungrouped data. Probability: Probability of an event, addition and multiplication theorems of probability, Baye's theorem, probability distribution of a random variate, Bernoulli trials and Binomial distribution. |
Unit 15: |
Trigonometry Trigonometrical identities and equations Trigonometrical functions Inverse trigonometrical functions and their properties Heights and Distances |
Unit 16: |
Mathematical reasoning Statements, logical operations and, or, implies, implied by, if and only if Understanding of tautology, contradiction, converse and contrapositive |
Physics |
CONTENTS OF Physics |
---|---|
UNIT I: |
Physics and
Measurement
Physics, technology and society, S
I units, Fundamental and derived units Least count, accuracy and precision
of measuring instruments Errors in measurement Dimensions of Physical quantities,
dimensional analysis and its applications |
Unit 2: |
Kinematics
Frame of reference Motion in a straight line:
Position-time graph, speed and velocity Uniform and non-uniform motion, average speed and
instantaneous velocity Uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-time,
position-time graphs, and relations for uniformly
accelerated motion. Scalars and Vectors, Vector addition and
Subtraction, Zero Vector, Scalar and Vector products,
Unit Vector, Resolution of a Vector Relative Velocity, Motion in a plane, Projectile
Motion, Uniform Circular Motion |
Unit 3: |
Laws of
Motion
Force and Inertia Chemical constituents of living
cells: Biomolecules-structure and function of proteins,
carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids; Enzymes-types,
properties, enzyme action. Newton's First Law of motion; Momentum, Newton's Second Law of motion; Impulse; Newton's Third Law of motion. Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications, Equilibrium of concurrent forces. Static and Kinetic friction, laws of friction, rolling friction Dynamics of uniform circular motion: Centripetal force and its applications. |
Unit 4: |
Work, Energy
and Power
Work done by a constant force and a
variable force; kinetic and potential energies, work
energy theorem, power. Potential energy of a spring,
conservation of mechanical energy, conservative and
non-conservative forces; Elastic and inelastic collisions
in one and two dimensions. |
Unit 5: |
Rotational
Motion
Centre of mass of a two-particle
system, Centre of mass of a rigid body; Basic concepts of
rotational motion; moment of a force, torque, angular
momentum, conservation of angular momentum and its
applications; moment of inertia, radius of gyration. Values of moments of inertia for
simple geometrical objects, parallel and perpendicular
axes theorems and their applications. Rigid body rotation, equations of
rotational motion. |
Unit 6: |
Gravitation
The universal law of gravitation Acceleration due to gravity and its
variation with altitude and depth. Kepler's laws of planetary motion. Gravitational potential energy; gravitational
potential. Escape velocity. Orbital velocity of a satellite. Geo-stationary
satellites. |
Unit 7: |
Properties of
Solids And Liquids
Elastic behaviour, Stress-strain
relationship, Hooke's Law, Young's modulus, bulk modulus,
modulus of rigidity. Pressure due to a fluid column;
Pascal's law and its applications. Viscosity, Stokes'law, terminal
velocity, streamline and turbulent flow, Reynolds number.
Bernoulli's principle and its applications. Surface energy and surface tension, angle of
contact, application of surface tension - drops, bubbles
and capillary rise. Heat' temperature, thermal expansion; specific heat
capacity, calorimetry; change of state, latent heat. Heat transfer-conduction, convection and radiation,
Newton's law of cooling. |
Unit 8: |
Thermodynamics
Thermal equilibrium, zeroth law of
thermodynamics, concept of temperature. Heat, work and internal energy. First law of thermodynamics. Second law of thermodynamics: reversible and
irreversible processes. Carnot engine and its efficiency. |
Unit 9: |
Kinetic
Theory of Gases
Equation of state of a perfect gas,
work done on compressing a gas. Kinetic theory of gases -
assumptions, concept of pressure. Kinetic energy and temperature: rms
speed of gas molecules; Degrees of freedom, Law of
equipartition of energy, applications to specific heat
capacities of gases; Mean free path, Avogadro's number. |
Unit 10: |
Oscillations
and Waves
Periodic motion - period,
frequency, displacement as a function of time. Periodic
functions. Simple harmonic motion (S.H.M.) and its
equation; phase; oscillations of a spring -restoring
force and force constant; energy in S.H.M. - kinetic and
potential energies; Simple pendulum - derivation of
expression for its time period; Free, forced and damped
oscillations, resonance Wave motion. Longitudinal and
transverse waves, speed of a wave. Displacement relation
for a progressive wave. Principle of superposition of
waves, reflection of waves, Standing waves in strings and
organ pipes, fundamental mode and harmonics, Beats,
Doppler effect in sound |
Unit 11: |
Electrostatics
Electric charges: Conservation of
charge, Coulomb's law-forces between two point charges,
forces between multiple charges; superposition principle
and continuous charge distribution. Electric field: Electric field due
to a point charge, Electric field lines, Electric dipole,
Electric field due to a dipole, Torque on a dipole in a
uniform electric field. Electric flux, Gauss's law and its
applications to find field due to infinitely long
uniformly charged straight wire, uniformly charged
infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical
shell. Electric potential and its calculation for a point
charge, electric dipole and system of charges;
Equipotential surfaces, Electrical potential energy of a
system of two point charges in an electrostatic field. Conductors and insulators, Dielectrics and electric
polarization, capacitor, combination of capacitors in
series and in parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate
capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the
plates, Energy stored in a capacitor. |
Unit 12: |
Current
Electricity
Electric current,Drift velocity,
Ohm's law, Electrical resistance, Resistances of
different materials, V-I characteristics of Ohmic and
nonohmic conductors, Electrical energy and power,
Electrical resistivity, Colour code for resistors; Series
and parallel combinations of resistors; Temperature
dependence of resistance. Electric Cell and its internal
resistance, potential difference and emf of a cell,
combination of cells in series and in parallel. Kirchhoff's laws and their
applications. Wheatstone bridge, Metre bridge. Potentiometer - principle and its applications. |
Unit 13: |
Magnetic
Effects Of Current And Magnetism
Biot - Savart law and its
application to current carrying circular loop. Ampere's
law and its applications to infinitely long current
carrying straight wire and solenoid. Force on a moving
charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields.
Cyclotron. Force on a current-carrying
conductor in a uniform magnetic field. Force between two
parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of
ampere. Torque experienced by a current loop in uniform
magnetic field; Moving coil galvanometer, its current
sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter. Current loop as a magnetic dipole
and its magnetic dipole moment. Bar magnet as an
equivalent solenoid, magnetic field lines; Earth's
magnetic field and magnetic elements. Para-, dia- and
ferro- magnetic substances. Magnetic susceptibility and permeability,
Hysteresis, Electromagnets and permanent magnets. |
Unit 14: |
Electromagnetic
Induction and Alternating Currents
Electromagnetic induction;
Faraday's law, induced emf and current; Lenz's Law, Eddy
currents. Self and mutual inductance Alternating currents, peak and rms
value of alternating current/ voltage; reactance and
impedance; LCR series circuit, resonance; Quality factor,
power in AC circuits, wattless current. AC generator and transformer. |
Unit 15: |
Electromagnetic
Waves
Electromagnetic waves and their
characteristics. Transverse nature of electromagnetic
waves. Electromagnetic spectrum (radio
waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, Xrays,
gamma rays). Applications of e.m. waves. |
Unit 16: Optics |
Reflection
and refraction of light at plane and spherical surfaces,
mirror formula, Total internal reflection and its
applications, Deviation and Dispersion of light by a
prism, Lens Formula, Magnification, Power of a Lens,
Combination of thin lenses in contact, Microscope and
Astronomical Telescope (reflecting and refracting) and
their magnifying powers.
wavefront and Huygens' principle,
Laws of reflection and refraction using Huygen's
principle. Interference, Young's double slit experiment
and expression for fringe width. Diffraction due to a single slit,
width of central maximum. Resolving power of microscopes and
astronomical telescopes, Polarisation, plane polarized
light; Brewster's law, uses of plane polarized light and
Polaroids. |
Unit 17: |
Dual Nature
of Matter and radiation
Dual nature of radiation. Photoelectric effect, Hertz and
Lenard's observations; Einstein's photoelectric equation;
particle nature of light. Matter waves-wave nature of
particle, de Broglie relation. Davisson-Germer experiment |
Unit 18: |
Atoms and
Nuclei
Alpha-particle scattering
experiment; Rutherford's model of atom; Bohr model,
energy levels, hydrogen spectrum. Composition and size of nucleus,
atomic masses, isotopes, isobars; isotones. Radioactivity-alpha, beta and gamma
particles/rays and their properties; radioactive decay
law. Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy
per nucleon and its variation with mass number, nuclear
fission and fusion. |
Unit 19: |
Electronic
Devices
Semiconductors; semiconductor
diode: I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias;
diode as a rectifier; I-V characteristics of LED,
photodiode, solar cell and Zener diode; Zener diode as a
voltage regulator. Junction transistor, transistor
action, characteristics of a transistor; transistor as an
amplifier (common emitter configuration) and oscillator.
Logic gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND and NOR). Transistor as a switch. |
Unit 20: |
Communication
Systems
Propagation of electromagnetic
waves in the atmosphere; Sky and space wave propagation Need for modulation Amplitude and Frequency Modulation Bandwidth of signals Bandwidth of Transmission medium Basic Elements of a Communication System (Block
Diagram only). |
The chemistry syllabus in JEE Main is divided into three sections.
Section A: Physical Chemistry |
CONTENTS OF Chemistry |
---|---|
UNIT I: |
Some Basic
Concepts in Chemistry
Matter and its nature, Dalton's
atomic theory Concept of atom, molecule, element
and compound Physical quantities and their
measurements in Chemistry, precision and accuracy,
significant figures, S.I. Units, dimensional analysis Laws of chemical combination Atomic and molecular masses, mole concept, molar
mass, percentage composition, empirical and molecular
formulae Chemical equations and stoichiometry |
Unit 2: |
States of
Matter
Classification of matter into
solid, liquid and gaseous states. Gaseous State: Measurable
properties of gases Gas laws -Boyle's law, Charle's
law, Graham's law of diffusion, Avogadro's law, Dalton's
law of partial pressure Concept of Absolute scale of temperature; Ideal gas
equation Kinetic theory of gases (only postulates) Concept of average, root mean square and most
probable velocities Real gases, deviation from Ideal behaviour,
compressibility factor and van der Waals equation Liquid State: Properties of liquids -vapour
pressure, viscosity and surface tension and effect of
temperature on them (qualitative treatment only). Solid State: Classification of solids: molecular,
ionic, covalent and metallic solids, amorphous and
crystalline solids (elementary idea) Bragg's Law and its applications Unit cell and lattices, packing in solids (fcc, bcc
and hcp lattices), voids, calculations involving unit
cell parameters, imperfection in solids Electrical, magnetic and dielectric properties |
Unit 3: |
Atomic
Structure
Thomson and Rutherford atomic
models and their limitations Nature of electromagnetic
radiation, photoelectric effect Spectrum of hydrogen atom, Bohr model of hydrogen atom - its postulates, derivation of the relations for energy of the electron and radii of the different orbits, limitations of Bohr's model Dual nature of matter, de-Broglie's relationship, Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Elementary ideas of quantum mechanics, quantum mechanical model of atom, its important features, concept of atomic orbitals as one electron wave functions various quantum numbers (principal, angular momentum and magnetic quantum numbers) and their significance shapes of s, p and d -orbitals, electron spin and spin quantum number Rules for filling electrons in orbitals -aufbau principle, Pauli's exclusion principle and Hund's rule, electronic configuration of elements, extra stability of half-filled and completely filled orbitals. |
Unit 4: |
Chemical
Bonding and Molecular Strucure
Kossel -Lewis approach to chemical
bond formation, concept of ionic and covalent bonds. Ionic Bonding: Formation of ionic
bonds, factors affecting the formation of ionic bonds;
calculation of lattice enthalpy. Covalent Bonding: Concept of electronegativity,
Fajan's rule, dipole moment Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR)
theory and shapes of simple molecules Quantum mechanical approach to covalent bonding:
Valence bond theory -Its important features, concept of
hybridization involving s, p and d orbitals Resonance Molecular Orbital Theory -Its important
features, LCAOs, types of molecular orbitals (bonding,
antibonding), sigma and pi-bonds, molecular orbital
electronic configurations of homonuclear diatomic
molecules, concept of bond order, bond length and bond
energy. |
Unit 5: |
Chemical
Thermodynamics
First law of thermodynamics
-Concept of work, heat internal energy and enthalpy, heat
capacity, molar heat capacity Hess's law of constant heat
summation Enthalpies of bond dissociation,
combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation, phase
transition, hydration, ionization and solution Second law of thermodynamics Spontaneity of processes DS of the universe and DG of the system as criteria
for spontaneity, Dgo (Standard Gibbs energy change) and
equilibrium constant |
Unit 5: |
Chemical
Thermodynamics
First law of thermodynamics
-Concept of work, heat internal energy and enthalpy, heat
capacity, molar heat capacity Hess's law of constant heat
summation Enthalpies of bond dissociation,
combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation, phase
transition, hydration, ionization and solution Second law of thermodynamics Spontaneity of processes DS of the universe and DG of the system as criteria
for spontaneity, Dgo (Standard Gibbs energy change) and
equilibrium constant |
Unit 6: |
Solutions
Different methods for expressing
concentration of solution -molality, molarity, mole
fraction, percentage (by volume and mass both), vapour
pressure of solutions and Raoult's Law -Ideal and
non-ideal solutions, vapour pressure -composition, plots
for ideal and non-ideal solutions Colligative properties of dilute
solutions -relative lowering of vapour pressure,
depression of freezing point, elevation of boiling point
and osmotic pressure Determination of molecular mass
using colligative properties; Abnormal value of molar
mass, van't Hoff factor and its significance |
Unit 7: |
Equilibrium
Meaning of equilibrium, concept of
dynamic equilibrium. Equilibria involving physical
processes: Solid -liquid, liquid -gas and solid -gas
equilibria, Henry's law, general characterics of
equilibrium involving physical processes. Equilibria involving chemical
processes: Law of chemical equilibrium, equilibrium
constants (Kp and Kc) and their significance,
significance of DG and DGo in chemical equilibria,
factors affecting equilibrium concentration, pressure,
temperature, effect of catalyst; Le Chatelier's
principle. Ionic equilibrium: Weak and strong
electrolytes, ionization of electrolytes, various
concepts of acids and bases (Arrhenius, Bronsted -Lowry
and Lewis) and their ionization, acid-base equilibria
(including multistage ionization) and ionization
constants, ionization of water, pH scale, common ion
effect, hydrolysis of salts and pH of their solutions,
solubility of sparingly soluble salts and solubility
products, buffer solutions. |
Unit 8: |
Redox
Reactions and Electrochemistry
Electronic concepts of oxidation
and reduction, redox reactions, oxidation number, rules
for assigning oxidation number, balancing of redox
reactions. Eectrolytic and metallic
conduction, conductance in electrolytic solutions,
specific and molar conductivities and their variation
with concentration: Kohlrausch's law and its
applications. Electrochemical cells -Electrolytic
and Galvanic cells, different types of electrodes,
electrode potentials including standard electrode
potential, half -cell and cell reactions, emf of a
Galvanic cell and its measurement Nernst equation and its
applications; Relationship between cell potential and
Gibbs' energy change Dry cell and lead accumulator; Fuel cells. |
Unit 9: |
Chemical
Kinetics
Rate of a chemical reaction,
factors affecting the rate of reactions: concentration,
temperature, pressure and catalyst elementary and complex reactions,
order and molecularity of reactions, rate law, rate
constant and its units, differential and integral forms
ofzero and first-order reactions, their characteristics
and half-lives, effect of temperature on rate of
reactions -Arrhenius theory, activation energy and its
calculation, collision theory of bimolecular gaseous
reactions (no derivation). |
Unit 10: |
Surface
Chemistry
Adsorption- Physisorption and
chemisorption and their characteristics, factors
affecting adsorption of gases on solids -Freundlich and
Langmuir adsorption isotherms, adsorption from solutions. Colloidal state- distinction among
true solutions, colloids and suspensions, classification
of colloids -lyophilic, lyophobic multi molecular, macromolecular and associated
colloids (micelles), preparation and properties of
colloids -Tyndall effect, Brownian movement,
electrophoresis, dialysis, coagulation and flocculation Emulsions and their characteristics |
Unit 11: |
Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties Modem periodic law and present form of the periodic table, s, p, d and f block elements, periodic trends in properties of elements atomic and ionic radii, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, valence, oxidation states and chemical reactivity. |
Unit 12: |
General
Principles and Processes of Isolation of Metals
Modes of occurrence of elements in nature,
minerals, ores; Steps involved in the extraction of
metals -concentration, reduction (chemical and
electrolytic methods) and refining with special reference
to the extraction of Al, Cu, Zn and Fe; Thermodynamic and
electrochemical principles involved in the extraction of
metals. |
Unit 13: |
Hydrogen
Position of hydrogen in periodic table, isotopes,
preparation, properties and uses of hydrogen Physical and chemical properties of water and heavy
water Structure, preparation, reactions and uses of
hydrogen peroxide Hydrogen as a fuel |
Unit 14: |
S -Block
Elements (Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals)
Preparation and properties of some important
compounds -sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide;
Industrial uses of lime, limestone, Plaster of Paris and
cement; Biological significance of Na, K, Mg and Ca. |
Unit 15: |
P -Block
Elements
Group -13 to Group 18 Elements General Introduction: Electronic configuration and
general trends in physical and chemical properties of
elements across the periods and down the groups; unique
behaviour of the first element in each group. GroupWise study of the p -block elements Group -13: Preparation, properties and uses of
boron and aluminium; properties of boric acid, diborane,
boron trifluoride, aluminium chloride and alums. Group -14: Allotropes of carbon, tendency for
catenation; Structure & properties of silicates, and
zeolites. Group -15: Properties and uses of nitrogen and
phosphorus; Allotrophic forms of phosphorus; Preparation,
properties, structure and uses of ammonia, nitric acid,
phosphine and phosphorus halides, (PCl3, PCl5);
Structures of oxides and oxoacids of phosphorus. Group -16: Preparation, properties, structures and
uses of ozone; Allotropic forms of sulphur; Preparation,
properties, structures and uses of sulphuric acid
(including its industrial preparation); Structures of
oxoacids of sulphur Group -17: Preparation, properties and uses of
hydrochloric acid; Trends in the acidic nature of
hydrogen halides; Structures of Interhalogen compounds
and oxides and oxoacids of halogens. Group –18: Occurrence and uses of noble gases;
Structures of fluorides and oxides of xenon. |
UNIT 16: |
D -And F -BLOCK ELEMENTS Transition Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics, general trends in properties of the first row transition elements -physical properties, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, atomic radii, colour, catalytic behaviour, magnetic properties, complex formation, interstitial compounds, alloy formation; Preparation, properties and uses of K2 Cr2 O7 and KMnO4 . Inner Transition Elements: Lanthanoids -Electronic configuration, oxidation states and lanthanoid contraction. Actinoids -Electronic configuration and oxidation states. |
Unit 17: |
Co-Ordination Compounds Introduction to co-ordination compounds, Werner's theory ligands, co-ordination number, denticity, chelation; IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear co-ordination compounds, isomerism Bonding-Valence bond approach and basic ideas of Crystal field theory, colour and magnetic properties; Importance of co-ordination compounds (in qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and in biological systems). |
Unit 18: |
Environmental Chemistry Environmental pollution -Atmospheric, water and soil. Atmospheric pollution -Tropospheric and Stratospheric Tropospheric pollutants -Gaseous pollutants: Oxides of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur, hydrocarbons; their sources, harmful effects and prevention; Greenhouse effect and Global warming; Acid rain; Particulate pollutants: Smoke, dust, smog, fumes, mist; their sources, harmful effects and prevention. Stratospheric pollution- Formation and breakdown of ozone, depletion of ozone layer -its mechanism and effects. Water Pollution -Major pollutants such as, pathogens, organic wastes and chemical pollutants; their harmful effects and prevention. Soil pollution -Major pollutants such as: Pesticides (insecticides,. herbicides and fungicides), their harmful effects and prevention. Strategies to control environmental pollution. |
Unit 19: |
Purification
and Characterisation of Organic Compounds
Purification -Crystallization, sublimation,
distillation, differential extraction and chromatography
-principles and their applications Qualitative analysis -Detection of nitrogen,
sulphur, phosphorus and halogens. Quantitative analysis (basic principles only)
-Estimation of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, halogens,
sulphur, phosphorus. Calculations of empirical formulae and molecular
formulae; Numerical problems in organic quantitative
analysis. |
Unit 20: |
Some Basic
Principles of Organic Chemistry
Tetravalency of carbon; Shapes of
simple molecules -hybridization (s and p); Classification
of organic compounds based on functional groups: -C = C
–, -C h C -and those containing halogens, oxygen,
nitrogen and sulphur; Homologous series; Isomerism
-structural and stereoisomerism. Nomenclature (Trivial and IUPAC)
Covalent bond fission -Homolytic and heterolytic: free
radicals, carbocations and carbanions; stability of
carbocations and free radicals, electrophiles and
nucleophiles. Electronic displacement in a covalent bond
-Inductive effect, electromeric effect, resonance and
hyperconjugation. |
Unit 21: |
Hydrocarbons
Classification, isomerism, IUPAC
nomenclature, general methods of preparation, properties
and reactions. Alkanes -Conformations: Sawhorse and
Newman projections (of ethane); Mechanism of halogenation
of alkanes. Alkenes -Geometrical isomerism;
Mechanism of electrophilic addition: addition of
hydrogen, halogens, water, hydrogen halides
(Markownikoff's and peroxide effect); Ozonolysis and
polymerization. Alkynes -Acidic character; Addition
of hydrogen, halogens, water and hydrogen halides;
Polymerization. Aromatic hydrocarbons
-Nomenclature, benzene -structure and aromaticity;
Mechanism of electrophilic substitution: halogenation,
nitration, Friedel -Craft's alkylation and acylation,
directive influence of functional group in
mono-substituted benzene. |
Unit 22: |
Organic
Compounds Containing Halogens
General methods of preparation,
properties and reactions; Nature of C-X bond; Mechanisms
of substitution reactions. Uses; Environmental effects of
chloroform & iodoform. |
Unit 23: |
Organic
Compounds Containing Oxygen
General methods of preparation,
properties, reactions and uses. Alcohols, Phenols and
Ethers Alcohols: Identification of
primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols; mechanism of
dehydration. Phenols: Acidic nature, electrophilic substitution
reactions: halogenation, nitration and sulphonation,
Reimer -Tiemann reaction. Ethers: Structure. Nucleophilic addition to >C=O group, relative
reactivities of aldehydes and ketones Important reactions such as -Nucleophilic addition
reactions (addition of HCN, NH3 and its derivatives),
Grignard reagent; oxidation; reduction (Wolff Kishner and
Clemmensen); acidity of r -hydrogen, aldol condensation,
Cannizzaro reaction, Haloform reaction; Chemical tests to
distinguish between aldehydes and Ketones. Acidic strength and factors affecting it. |
Unit 24: |
Organic
Compounds Containing Nitrogen
General methods of preparation,
properties, reactions and uses. Amines: Nomenclature,
classification, structure, basic character and
identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines
and their basic character. Diazonium Salts: Importance in
synthetic organic chemistry. |
Unit 25: |
: Polymers
General introduction and
classification of polymers, general methods of
polymerization-addition and condensation,
copolymerization Natural and synthetic rubber and
vulcanization Some important polymers with emphasis on their
monomers and uses -polythene, nylon, polyester and
bakelite. |
UNIT 26: |
Biomolecules
General introduction and importance
of biomolecules. Carbohydrates -Classification:
aldoses and ketoses; monosaccharides (glucose and
fructose) and constituent monosaccharides of
oligosacchorides (sucrose, lactose and maltose). Proteins -Elementary Idea of r
-amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides; Proteins:
primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure
(qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins,
enzymes. Vitamins -Classification and
functions. Nucleic Acids -Chemical
constitution of DNA and RNA. Biological functions of
nucleic acids. |
UNIT 27: |
Chemistry in
Everyday Life
Chemicals in medicines -Analgesics,
tranquilizers, antiseptics, disinfectants,
antimicrobials, antifertility drugs, antibiotics,
antacids, antihistamins -their meaning and common
examples. Chemicals in food -Preservatives,
artificial sweetening agents -common examples. Cleansing
agents -Soaps and detergents, cleansing action. |
UNIT 28: |
PRINCIPLES
RELATED TO PRACTICAL CHEMISTR
Detection of extra elements (N,S,
halogens) in organic compounds; Detection of the
following functional groups: hydroxyl (alcoholic and
phenolic), carbonyl (aldehyde and ketone), carboxyl and
amino groups in organic compounds. Chemistry involved in the
preparation of the following: Inorganic compounds: Mohr's
salt, potash alum. Organic compounds: Acetanilide,
pnitroacetanilide, aniline yellow, iodoform. Chemistry involved in the titrimetric excercises
-Acids bases and the use of indicators, oxalic-acid vs
KMnO4, Mohr's salt vs KMnO4. Chemical principles involved in the qualitative
salt analysis: Cations -Pb2+ , Cu2+, AI3+, Fe3+, Zn2+,
Ni2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Mg2+, NH4+. Anions- CO3 2-, S2-, SO4
2-, NO2-, NO3-, CI -, Br, I. (Insoluble salts excluded). |
PartI: |
CONTENTS
Awareness of persons, places, Buildings, Materials.
Objects, Texture related to Architecture and
build—environment. Visualising three-dimensional objects from
two-dimensional drawings. Visualising. Different sides of three-dimensional
objects. Analytical Reasoning Mental Ability (Visual,
Numerical and Verbal). |
Part II |
Three dimensional -
perception: Understanding and appreciation of scale and
proportion of objects, building forms and elements, colour
texture, harmony and contrast.
Design and drawing of geometrical
or abstract shapes and patterns in pencil. Transformation of forms both 2 D
and 3 D union, subtraction, rotation, development of
surfaces and volumes, Generation of Plan, elevations and
3 D views of objects. Creating two dimensional and three
dimensional compositions using given shapes and forms. Sketching of scenes and activities
from memory of urbanscape (public space, market,
festivals, street scenes, monuments, recreational spaces,
ect.), landscape (river fronts, jungles, trees, plants,
etc.) and rural life. |
UNIT II: |
Current
Electricity
Electric current, flow of electric
charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity and
mobility, and their relation with electric current; Ohm's
law, electrical resistance, V-I characteristics (linear
and nonlinear), electrical energy and power, electrical
resistivity and conductivity. Carbon resistors, color code for
carbon resistors; series and parallel combinations of
resistors; temperature dependence of resistance. Internal resistance of a cell,
potential difference and emf of a cell, combination of
cells in series and in parallel. Kirchhoff's laws and simple
applications. Wheatstone bridge, Metre Bridge. Potentiometer-principle and
applications to measure potential difference, and for
comparing emf of two cells; measurement of internal
resistance of a cell. |
UNIT III: |
Magnetic
Effects of Current and Magnetism
Concept of magnetic field,
Oersted's experiment. Biot-Savart law and its application
to current carrying circular loop. Ampere's law and its applications
to infinitely long straight wire, straight and toroidal
solenoids. Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic
and electric fields. Cyclotron. Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field. Force between two parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere. Torque experienced by a current loop in a magnetic field; moving coil galvanometer-its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter. Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment. Magnetic dipole moment of a revolving electron. Magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis. Torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field; bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, magnetic field lines; Earth's magnetic field and magnetic elements. Para-, dia-and ferro-magnetic substances, with examples. Electromagnetic and factors affecting their strengths. Permanent magnets. |
UNIT IV: |
Electromagnetic
Induction and Alternating Currents
Electromagnetic induction;
Faraday's law, induced emf and current; Lenz's Law, Eddy
currents. Self and mutual inductance. Alternating currents, peak and rms
value of alternating current/ voltage; reactance and
impedance; LC oscillations (qualitative treatment only),
LCR series circuit, resonance; power in AC circuits,
wattles current. AC generator and transformer. |
UNIT V: |
Electromagnetic
Waves
Need for displacement current. Electromagnetic waves and their
characteristics (qualitative ideas only). Transverse
nature of electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic spectrum (radio
waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet,
x-rays, gamma rays) including elementary facts about
their uses. |
UNIT VI: |
Optics
Reflection of light, spherical
mirrors, mirror formula. Refraction of light, total
internal reflection and its applications optical fibres,
refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens
formula, lens-maker's formula. Magnification, power of a
lens, combination of thin lenses in contact combination
of a lens and a mirror. Refraction and dispersion of
light through a prism. Scattering of light- blue colour of
the sky and reddish appearance of the sun at sunrise and
sunset. Optical instruments: Human eye, image formation
and accommodation, correction of eye defects (myopia and
hypermetropia) using lenses. Microscopes and astronomical
telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and their
magnifying powers. Wave optics: Wavefront and Huygens'
principle, reflection and refraction of plane wave at a
plane surface using wavefronts. Proof of laws of reflection and
refraction using Huygens' principle. Interference, Young's double hole
experiment and expression for fringe width, coherent
sources and sustained interference of light. Diffraction due to a single slit,
width of central maximum. Resolving power of microscopes and
astronomical telescopes. Polarisation, plane polarized
light; Brewster's law, uses of plane polarized light and
Polaroids. |
UNIT VII: |
Dual Nature
of Matter and Radiation
Photoelectric effect, Hertz and
Lenard's observations; Einstein's photoelectric equation-
particle nature of light. Matter waves- wave nature of
particles, de Broglie relation. Davisson-Germer
experiment (experimental details should be omitted; only
conclusion should be explained). |
UNIT VIII: |
Atoms and
Nuclei
Alpha- particle scattering
experiments; Rutherford's model of atom; Bohr model,
energy levels, hydrogen spectrum. Composition and size of
nucleus, atomic masses, isotopes, isobars; isotones. Radioactivity- alpha, beta and
gamma particles/ rays and their properties decay law.
Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per
nucleon and its variation with mass number, nuclear
fission and fusion |
UNIT IX: |
Electronic
Devices
Energy bands in solids (qualitative
ideas only), conductors, insulators and semiconductors;
semiconductor diode- I-V characteristics in forward and
reverse bias, diode as a rectifier; I-V characteristics
of LED, diode, solar cell, and Zener diode; Zener diode
as a voltage regulator. Junction transistor, transistor
action, characteristics of a transistor; transistor as an
amplifier (common emitter configuration) and oscillator.
Logic gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND and NOR). Transistor as a
switch. |
JEE Syllabus 2020 for Chemistry
Class XI |
Class XII |
---|---|
Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry |
Solid State |
Structure of Atom |
Solutions |
Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties |
Electrochemistry |
Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure |
Chemical Kinetics |
States of Matter: Gases and Liquids |
Surface Chemistrys |
Thermodynamics |
General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements |
Equilibrium |
p- Block Elements |
Redox Reactions |
d and f Block Elements |
Hydrogen |
Coordination Compounds |
s-Block Element (Alkali and Alkaline earth metals) |
Haloalkanes and Haloarenes |
Some p-Block Elements |
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers |
Organic Chemistry- Some Basic Principles and Techniques |
Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids |
Hydrocarbons |
Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen |
Environmental Chemistry |
Biomolecules |
CHEMISTRY: |
CONTENTS OF CLASS XI SYLLABUS |
---|---|
UNIT I: |
Some Basic
Concepts of Chemistry
General Introduction: Important and
scope of chemistry. Laws of chemical combination,
Dalton's atomic theory: concept of elements, atoms and
molecules. Atomic and molecular masses. Mole
concept and molar mass; percentage composition and
empirical and molecular formula; chemical reactions,
stoichiometry and calculations based on stoichiometry. |
UNIT II: |
Structure of
Atom
Atomic number, isotopes and
isobars. Concept of shells and subshells, dual nature of
matter and light, de Broglie's relationship, Heisenberg
uncertainty principle, concept of orbital, quantum
numbers, shapes of s,p and d orbitals, rules for filling
electrons in orbitals- Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion
principles and Hund's rule, electronic configuration of
atoms, stability of half-filled and completely filled
orbitals. |
UNIT III: |
Classification
of Elements and Periodicity in Properties 48
Modern periodic law and long form
of periodic table, periodic trends in properties of
elements atomic radii, ionic radii, ionization enthalpy,
electron gain enthalpy, electrone gativity, valence. |
UNIT IV: |
Chemical
Bonding and Molecular Structure
Valence electrons, ionic bond,
covalent bond, bond parameters, Lewis structure, polar
character of covalent bond, valence bond theory,
resonance, geometry of molecules, VSEPR theory, concept
of hybridization involving s, p and d orbitals and shapes
of some simple molecules, molecular orbital theory of
homonuclear diatomic molecules (qualitative idea only).
Hydrogen bond.. |
UNIT V: |
States of
Matter: Gases and Liquids
Three states of matter,
intermolecular interactions, types of bonding, melting
and boiling points, role of gas laws of elucidating the
concept of the molecule, Boyle's law, Charle's law, Gay
Lussac's law, Avogadro's law, ideal behaviour of gases,
empirical derivation of gas equation. Avogadro number,
ideal gas equation. Kinetic energy and molecular speeds
(elementary idea), deviation from ideal behaviour,
liquefaction of gases, critical temperature. Liquid State- Vapour pressure,
viscosity and surface tension (qualitative idea only, no
mathematical derivations). |
UNIT VI: |
Thermodynamics
First law of
thermodynamics-internal energy and enthalpy, heat
capacity and specific heat, measurement of U and H,
Hess's law of constant heat summation, enthalpy of : bond
dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization,
sublimation, phase transition, ionization, solution and
dilution. Introduction of entropy as state
function, Second law of thermodynamics, Gibbs energy
change for spontaneous and non-spontaneous process,
criteria for equilibrium and spontaneity. Third law of thermodynamics- Brief
introduction. |
UNIT VII: |
Equilibrium
Equilibrium in physical and
chemical processes, dynamic nature of equilibrium, law of
chemical equilibrium, equilibrium constant, factors
affecting equilibrium- Le Chatelier's principle; ionic
equilibrium- ionization of acids and bases, strong and
weak electrolytes, degree of ionization, ionization of
polybasic acids, acid strength, concept of pH.,
Hydrolysis of salts (elementary idea)., buffer solutions,
Henderson equation, solubility product, common ion effect
(with illustrative examples). |
UNIT VIII: |
Redox
Reactions
Concept of oxidation and oxidation
and reduction, redox reactions oxidation number,
balancing redox reactions in terms of loss and gain of
electron and change in oxidation numbers. |
UNIT IX: |
Hydrogen
EOccurrence, isotopes, preparation,
properties and uses of hydrogen; hydridesionic, covalent
and interstitial; physical and chemical properties of
water, heavy water; hydrogen peroxide-preparation,
reactions, uses and structure; |
UNIT X: |
s-Block
Elements (Alkali and Alkaline earth metals)
Group I and group 2 elements: General introduction, electronic
configuration, occurrence, anomalous properties of the
first element of each group, diagonal relationship,
trends in the variation of properties (such as ionization
enthalpy, atomic and ionic radii), trends in chemical
reactivity with oxygen, water, hydrogen and halogens;
uses. Preparation and Properties of Some
important Compounds: Sodium carbonate, sodium chloride,
sodium hydroxide and sodium hydrogen carbonate,
biological importance of sodium and potassium. Industrial use of lime and
limestone, biological importance of Mg and Ca. |
UNIT XI: |
Some p-Block
Elements
General Introduction to p-Block
Elements. Group 13 elements: General
introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence,
variation of properties, oxidation states, trends in
chemical reactivity, anomalous properties of first
element of the group; Boron, some important compounds:
borax, boric acids, boron hydrides. Aluminium: uses,
reactions with acids and alkalies. General 14 elements: General
introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence,
variation of properties, oxidation states, trends in
chemical reactivity, anomalous behaviour of first
element. Carbon, allotropic forms, physical and chemical
properties: uses of some important compounds: oxides. Important compounds of silicon and
a few uses: silicon tetrachloride, silicones, silicates
and zeolites, their uses. |
UNIT XII: |
Organic
Chemistry- Some Basic Principles and Techniques
General introduction, methods of
purification qualitative and quantitative analysis,
classification and IUPAC nomenclature of organic
compounds. Electronic displacements in a
covalent bond: inductive effect, electromeric effect,
resonance and hyper conjugation. Homolytic and heterolytic fission
of a covalent bond: free radials, carbocations,
carbanions; electrophiles and nucleophiles, types of
organic reactions. |
UNIT XIII: |
Hydrocarbons
Alkanes- Nomenclature, isomerism,
conformations (ethane only), physical properties,
chemical reactions including free radical mechanism of
halogenation, combustion and pyrolysis. Alkanes-Nomenclature, structure of
double bond (ethene), geometrical isomerism, physical
properties, methods of preparation: chemical reactions:
addition of hydrogen, halogen, water, hydrogen halides
(Markovnikov's addition and peroxide effect), ozonolysis,
oxidation, mechanism of electrophilic addition. Alkynes-Nomenclature, structure of
triple bond (ethyne), physical properties, methods of
preparation, chemical reactions: acidic character of
alkynes, addition reaction of- hydrogen, halogens,
hydrogen halides and water. Aromatic hydrocarbons-
Introduction, IUPAC nomenclature; Benzene; resonance,
aromaticity; chemical properties: mechanism of
electrophilic substitution-Nitration sulphonation,
halogenation, 50 Friedel Craft's alkylation and
acylation; directive influence of functional group in
mono-substituted benzene; carcinogenicity and toxicity. |
UNIT XIV: |
Environmental
Chemistry
Environmental pollution: Air, water
and soil pollution, chemical reactions in atmosphere,
smogs, major atmospheric pollutants; acid rain ozone and
its reactions, effects of depletion of ozone layer,
greenhouse effect and global warming-pollution due to
industrial wastes; green chemistry as an alternative tool
for reducing pollution, strategy for control of
environmental pollution. |
CHEMISTRY: |
CONTENTS OF CLASS XII SYLLABUS |
---|---|
UNIT I: |
Solid State
Classification of solids based on
different binding forces; molecular, ionic covalent and
metallic solids, amorphous and crystalline solids
(elementary idea), unit cell in two dimensional and three
dimensional lattices, calculation of density of unit
cell, packing in solids, packing efficiency, voids,
number of atoms per unit cell in a cubic unit cell, point
defects, electrical and magnetic properties, Band theory
of metals, conductors, semiconductors and insulators. |
UNIT II: |
Solutions
Types of solutions, expression of
concentration of solutions of solids in liquids,
solubility of gases in liquids, solid solutions,
colligative properties- relative lowering of vapour
pressure, Raoult's law, elevation of boiling point,
depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure,
determination of molecular masses using colligative
properties abnormal molecular mass. Van Hoff factor. |
UNIT III: |
Electrochemistry
Redox reactions, conductance in
electrolytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity
variation of conductivity with concentration,
kohlrausch's Law, electrolysis and Laws of electrolysis
(elementary idea), dry cell- electrolytic cells and
Galvanic cells; lead accumulator, EMF of a cell, standard
electrode potential, Relation between Gibbs energy change
and EMF of a cell, fuel cells; corrosion. |
UNIT IV: |
Chemical
Kinetics
Rate of a reaction (average and
instantaneous), factors affecting rates of reaction;
concentration, temperature, catalyst; order and
molecularity of a reaction; rate law and specific rate
constant, integrated rate equations and half-life (only
for zero and first order reactions); concept of collision
theory ( elementary idea, no mathematical treatment).
Activation energy, Arrhenious equation. |
UNIT V: |
Surface
Chemistry
Adsorption-physisorption and
chemisorption; factors affecting adsorption of gases on
solids, catalysis homogeneous and heterogeneous, activity
and selectivity: enzyme catalysis; colloidal state:
distinction between true solutions, colloids and
suspensions; lyophillic, lyophobic multimolecular and
macromolecular colloids; properties of colloids; Tyndall
effect, Brownian movement, electrophoresis, coagulation;
emulsions- types of emulsions. |
UNIT VI: |
General
Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements
Principles and methods of
extraction- concentration, oxidation, reduction
electrolytic method and refining; occurrence and
principles of extraction of aluminium, copper, zinc and
iron. |
UNIT VII: |
p- Block
Elements
Group 15 elements: General
introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence,
oxidation states, trends in physical and chemical
properties; preparation and properties of ammonia and
nitric acid, oxides of nitrogen (structure only);
Phosphorous- allotropic forms; compounds of phosphorous:
preparation and properties of phosphine, halides (PCI3,
PCI5) and oxoacids (elementary idea only). Group 16 elements: General
introduction, electronic configuration, oxidation states,
occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties;
dioxygen: preparation, properties and uses;
classification of oxides; ozone. Sulphur - allotropic
forms; compounds of sulphur: preparation, preparation,
properties and uses of sulphur dioxide; sulphuric acid:
industrial process of manufacture, properties and uses,
oxoacids of sulphur (structures only). Group 17 elements: General
introduction, electronic configuration, oxidation states,
occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties;
compounds of halogens: preparation, properties and uses
of chlorine and hydrochloric acid, interhalogen compounds
oxoacids of halogens (structures only). Group 18 elements: General
introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence,
trends in physical and chemical properties, uses. |
UNIT VIII: |
d and f Block
Elements
General introduction, electronic
configuration, characteristics of transition metals,
general trends in properties of the first row transition
metals- metallic character, ionization enthalpy,
oxidation states, ionic radii, colour, catalytic
property, magnetic properties, interstitial compounds,
alloy formation. Preparation and properties of K2Cr2O7
and KMnO4 Lanthanoids- electronic
configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity, and
lanthanoid contraction and its consequences. Actinoids: Electronic
configuration, oxidation states and comparison with
lanthanoids. |
UNIT IX: |
Coordination
Compounds
Coordination compounds:
Introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour,
magnetic properties and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of
mononuclear coordination compounds, isomerism (structural
and stereo) bonding, Werner's theory VBT, CFT; importance
of coordination compounds (in qualitative analysis,
biological systems). |
UNIT X: |
Haloalkanes
and Haloarenes
Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature
of C -X bond, physical and chemical properties, mechanism
of substitution reactions. Optical rotation. Haloarenes: Nature of C-X bond,
substitution reactions (directive influence of halogen
for monosubstituted compounds only). Uses and environment effects of -
dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetra chloromethane,
iodoform, freons, DDT. |
UNIT XI: |
Alcohols,
Phenols and Ethers
Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of
preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary
alcohols only); identification of primary, secondary and
tertiary alcohols; mechanism of dehydration, uses with
special reference to methanol and ethanol. Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of
preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic
nature of phenol, electrophillic substitution reactions,
uses of phenols. Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of
preparation, physical and chemical properties uses. |
UNIT XII: |
Aldehydes,
Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
Aldehydes and Ketones:
Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of
preparation, physical and chemical properties; and
mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha
hydrogen in aldehydes; uses. Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature,
acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and
chemical properties; uses. |
UNIT XIII: |
Organic
Compounds Containing Nitrogen
Amines: Nomenclature,
classification, structure, methods of preparation,
physical and chemical properties, uses, identification of
primary secondary and tertiary amines. Cyanides and Isocyanides- will be
mentioned at relevant places. Diazonium salts: Preparation,
chemical reactions and importance in synthetic organic
chemistry. |
UNIT XIV: |
Biomolecules
Carbohydrates- Classification
(aldoses and ketoses), monosaccharide (glucose and
fructose), D.L. configuration, oligosaccharides (sucrose,
lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose,
glycogen): importance. Proteins- Elementary idea of -
amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins,
primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary
structure and quaternary structure (qualitative idea
only), denaturation of proteins; enzymes. Hormones- Elementary idea
(excluding structure). Vitamins- Classification and
function. Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA. |
UNIT XVI: |
Chemistry in
Everyday Life
Chemicals in medicines- analgesics,
tranquilizers, antiseptics, disinfectants,
antimicrobials, antifertility drugs, antibiotics,
antacids, antihistamines. Chemicals in food- preservatives,
artificial sweetening agents, elementary idea of
antioxidants. Cleansing agents- soaps and
detergents, cleansing action. |
The Joint Entrance Examination is a national level engineering entrance exam held twice a year for admission of to various engineering colleges in India. The National Testing Agency conducts it.
Joint Entrance Exam is formed by two separate exams- JEE Main and JEE Advanced.
The Joint Entrance Examination (JEE) is a national-level computer-based engineering entrance exam conducted by NTA (National Test Agency) for admission to various colleges in India, such as Indian Institute of Technology, National Institute of Technology, Indian Institute of Information Technology and other Government funded technical Institutes.
NITs, IIEST, IIITs and Other-GFTIs
IITs
JEE Mains comprises of two papers, Paper-I and Paper-II. Candidates can choose either of the two. Both papers have multiple-choice questions. Paper I is for the admission in B.E./B.Tech courses. Paper-II is for the admission in B.Arch and B.Planning courses.
Candidates can choose either of the two.
JEE Main 2020 is already conducted from 1 to 6 September 2020
The result is released on 10 September on the official website of JEE Mains 2020 jeemain.nta.ac.in.
From January 2020: One additional paper (Paper III) is introduced for B. Planning students i.e. Drawing test, which will be conducted in offline mode (pen-paper based).
The validity of the result is one year.
Candidates will not get the same sets of question papers.
The normalization process is an established practice prescribed by NTA for comparing candidate scores in multi-session papers adopted in other large academic selection tests conducted in India. In simple terms, if we say. To ensure a candidate is at no loss or even get benefit from this procedure.
The NTA will rank students based on their percentile marks, which will be calculated according to a pre-determined formula. I.e.
1. If the candidate is acquiring equal marks/percentile, then
among themselves merit will be determined to below sequence:
· Candidate acquiring higher marks/percentile in Maths -
Candidate acquiring higher marks/percentile in Physics ·
Candidate acquiring higher marks/percentile in chemistry ·
Candidate who is older
2. The final ranking will be
done after the tie is resolved.
The below 5 steps to be followed to fill the registration form 1. Fill online form 2. Upload documents 3. Select the exam centre 4. Payment 5. Submit
The Exam was conducted in a total of 605 centres
The NTA will rank students based on their percentile marks, which will be calculated according to a pre-determined formula. I.e.
Over 8, 58,273 candidates have appeared in the Exam.
. JEE Main 2020 consists of 3 main subjects, namely,
Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry. Paper 1 is for admission
in B.E. /B. Tech. Courses- In paper
1- there are 25
questions from Mathematics, 25 from Physics and 25 from
Chemistry; therefore, the total number of questions is 75.
Each question will carry 4 marks, and each incorrect response
gets -1 negative marking. The duration of the Exam is 3 hours
(180 minutes). No negative marking is done for numerical
questions. The maximum marks in the Exam are 300.Paper
2 is for admission in B. Arch - In paper 2- there are 25
questions from Mathematics, 50 from Aptitude test, 2 from
Drawing Test; therefore, the total number of questions is 77.
Each question will carry 4 marks, and each incorrect response
gets -1 negative marking. The duration of the Exam is 3.30
hours. No negative marking is done for numerical questions.
The maximum marks in the Exam are 400. Paper
3 is
for admission in B. Planning courses- In paper 3- there are
25 questions from Mathematics, 50 from Aptitude test, 25 from
Planning Based Objective Type MCQs, therefore, the total
number of questions is 100. Each question will carry 4 marks,
and each incorrect response gets -1 negative marking. The
duration of the Exam is 3.30 hours (180 minutes). No negative
marking is done for numerical questions. The maximum marks in
the Exam are 400.
No negative marking is done for numerical questions.
There is no age criteria for the candidates in JEE Main.
NCERT is the most important textbook to prepare for JEE Main.
In JEE, the joint admission process conducted by Joint Seat Allocation Authority (JoSAA) 2020 for a total of 111 institutes for the academic year 2020-21.
To register for JEE Main counselling below procedure to be
followed:-
1. Online registration
2.
Choice filling and locking
3. Seat allotment
4. Seat acceptance and Fee payment
5. Document
Verification
6. Reporting to the allotted college
Joint Seat Allocation Authority (JoSAA) 2020 has announced counselling, starting from 6 October 2020.
The JEE Main 2020 paper 1 result has been reported on 11 September 2020 on jeemain.nta.nic.in.
No, there is no as such dress code for JEE Mains. The only restrictions are for cap, scarf, jewellery, stoles, metallic items, etc.